Comparative Evaluation of Online and Cash Payment Systems in BSPHCL: Case Studies from Patna and Gaya

Abstract: This study provides a data-driven evaluation of electricity bill payment patterns within the Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited (BSPHCL), with a specific focus on the urban and rural divisions of Patna and Gaya during the final quarter of 2024. Utilizing official datasets acquired through the Right to Information (RTI) Act from seven distinct electricity supply divisions—including Dakbunglow, Danapur, Gardanibagh,Patliputra, Barh (Patna), and Sherghati (Gaya)—the research captures monthly trends in digital (website/app) and traditional (cash/cheque) payment modes among domestic consumers. The analysis reveals that although the total number of consumers gradually increased across all divisions from October to December 2024, the adoption of online payment methods either stagnated or declined, particularly in December. Notably, Patna divisions such as Dakbunglow and Barh experienced significant surges in cash counter transactions, reversing the digital gains seen in November. In Gaya’s Sherghati division, urban digital payment usage showed a steady decline, while rural users exhibited a brief recovery in December following a prior drop. These fluctuations suggest persistent barriers to sustained digital adoption, including infrastructural gaps, user trust issues, and digital literacy constraints. The findings underscore the urgent need for awareness initiatives, improved digital infrastructure, and targeted policy reforms to encourage online payment adoption, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and transparency within BSPHCL