Power Saving and Sensorless Vector Control Method in IPMSM Drive

Abstract: An enhanced sensorless vector control method for an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) drive, with a primary focus on improving power efficiency, rotor position estimation without mechanical sensors, and ensuring operational robustness under voltage disturbances like sag and swell. The system employs Field Oriented Control (FOC) integrated with a closed-loop observer in MATLAB/Simulink to estimate the rotor speed and position using stator current and voltage feedback. This eliminates the need for traditional back-EMF-based estimation or mechanical sensors. A power-saving mechanism is introduced to reduce unnecessary energy consumption by dynamically adjusting inverter switching based on load demand. Furthermore, the system includes a voltage sag/swell detection strategy to maintain stable motor performance under grid disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate effective sensorless operation, efficient energy consumption, and robustness under dynamic load and input conditions.