Evaluation of the possible role of diallyl disulfide in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

Disorders of reproduction like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are among the principal health problems that can affect women's health. Because of medication side effects, investigating natural agents for PCOS treatment is necessary. However, there is no report available on the role of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on PCOS. Thus, the target of this research was to estimate the possible consequence of DADS in PCOS rat model. A PCOS model in rats was induced by letrozole orally 1 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks. Rats were taken either metformin (500 mg/kg/day) or diallyl disulfide (50 mg/kg/day). PCOS induction was linked to a significant rise in body weight and BMI, a noteworthy diminution of estradiol, progesterone, and FSH, and a significant elevation of testosterone, LH, LH/FSH ratio, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance. In addition, a significant rise in cholesterol,triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, and an essential reduction in HDL was noted. Moreover, there was an important elevation of TOS, and OSI, and a significant drop of TAC.Administration of DADS revealed a significant amelioration of these PCOS-associated symptoms. DADS reduced PCOS changes in the ovaries and restored their function. In conclusion, DADS was found to ameliorate PCOS through antiandrogenic, antioxidant, increased insulin sensitivity, and anti-obesity effects.