SPATIAL-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF URBAN LAND GREEN USE EFFICIENCY AND SPATIAL SPILLOVER EFFECT OF ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN OF CHINA FROM 2005 TO 2019: THE PERSPECTIVE OF DUAL CONSTRAINTS OF CARBON EMISSION AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLU

Given the dual constraints of carbon emissions and environmental pollution, the urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE) in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China is calculated using the slack-based measure (SBM) model on the basis of the panel data of 79 prefecture-level cities in the area of the YRB from 2005 to 2019.Moreover, various methods including coefficient of variation, exploratory spatial data analysis, and spatial econometric modeling are employed to examine the spatial-temporal pattern of the ULGUE and the spatial spillover effects of factors influencing ULGUE in the YRB.The results indicate that: The average value of ULGUE in the YRB was 0.63 from 2005 to 2019, exhibiting an overall trend of gradual initial increase, followed by fluctuating decline, and ultimately a gradual rise again.There are significant differences in the ULGUE in the region, and the overall spatial distribution tends to decrease from the lower reaches to the middle and upper reaches. The ULGUE in the YRB exhibits a significant spatial positive correlation.The "High-High" concentration areas are largely distributed in the Shandong Peninsula, and the spatial scope is progressively expanding to the western Shandong region and Hohhot, Inner Mongolia.The "Low-Low" cluster areas are mainly concentrated in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region, which displays a cluster block distribution and has a significant locking effect.The "High-Low" heterogeneous areas are mainly provincial capitals and surrounding areas, while the "Low-High" heterogeneous areas are distributed in the middle and upper reaches, which undergo frequent changes. There are multiple factors that influence ULGUE in the YRB, some of which display an obvious spatial spillover effect, such as economic development, population agglomeration, and land urbanization.