LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PROBLEMS OF RESPONSIBILITY AND PROTECTION OF CITIZENS’ RIGHTS

The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the current problems of legal regulation of artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on the issues of establishing liability for the actions of AI and ensuring the protection of citizens’ rights in the conditions of its rapid implementation. The tasks included: identification of gaps in the existing legislation, analysis of various approaches to determining the subject of liability for causing harm by AI systems, study of risks to fundamental rights of citizens associated with the use of AI (confidentiality, non-discrimination, right to a fair trial), and assessment of promising models of legal regulation. The results indicate that traditional legal institutions are not adapted to the specifics of AI, the complexity of determining fault and causation, and the need to develop flexible, risk-oriented approaches to regulation that strike a balance between innovation and protection of rights. Scientific novelty lies in the systematic consideration of interrelated problems of responsibility and human rights in the context of AI, and practical significance — in the formulation of proposals to improve legislation and law enforcement practice.