Correlative study of Climate change (Weather Pattern) and diversity of Butterflies in Marathwada Region

The Marathwada region in India, with its diverse terrain, supports rare biodiversity and unique ecological spaces. Despite its 8 districts, much of its flora and fauna remain understudied. Habitat destruction due to climate change has contributed to global declines in vertebrate species, including mammals, amphibians, birds, and fish. While factors like climate, resources, and habitat diversity are known to influence global biodiversity, their interactions are rarely studied.Recent research used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the impact of climate change, host plant richness, and habitat diversity on butterfly species in the UK. Findings showed that sunshine and summer temperatures limited butterfly diversity, though habitat variables were not considered. This study incorporates both climate and habitat data, revealing that Marathwada’s moderate climate, with temperatures ranging from 29°C to 41°C and humidity at 54-60%, supports butterfly diversity, especially in Aurangabad during the peak season (November-December).To maximize butterfly diversity, temperatures should range from 25°C to 37°C with moderate humidity and rainfall. Favorable climatic conditions indirectly boost ecosystem health. Studies in Marathwada show that host plant richness and habitat diversity are more crucial for habitat specialists. Climate variables had the strongest influence on butterfly species richness, with generalists showing direct constraints and specialists being further impacted by climate interactions.