THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT: GOVERNANCE MODELS AND SUPPORT MECHANISMS

Amid the rapid transformation of economic systems driven by digitalization and globalization, the reassessment of the state’s role in fostering entrepreneurial structures becomes particularly significant. This article explores the characteristics of various governance models and mechanisms of state support for entrepreneurial activity through the lens of international experience and Russian practice. The contradictions between advocates of active state intervention and proponents of a liberal approach have intensified in the face of new social and economic challenges, necessitating the search for and maintenance of an optimal balance in regulatory influence. The analysis conducted has identified key factors contributing to the success of government programs, including the quality of the institutional environment, the adaptability of support measures to specific socio-cultural conditions, and the predictability of regulatory frameworks. The author highlights the need for a shift from universal measures to personalized business services and endorses the transformation of state-business relations from a paternalistic to a partnership-based model. The author’s contribution is reflected in the formulation of recommendations on adapting the experiences of various countries (USA, Germany, China, France, and South Korea) to the Russian context. The materials of this article will be useful to a broad range of specialists and stakeholders, including government officials responsible for the development and implementation of support programs, heads of development institutions and business incubators, researchers in public administration and economic policy, entrepreneurs interested in effective interaction with state structures, as well as educators and students in economics and management disciplines.