A Scalable Sharding Approach Leveraging Blockchain: State-of-the-art

Blockchain technology (BT) has significantly expanded its applications across diverse sectors, leveraging its key attributes of anonymity, decentralization, and resistance to tampering within peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. It has made inroads into smart manufacturing and intelligent Medicare systems, along with the development of smart cities, showcasing its potential to revolutionize traditional industry practices by enhancing data security and efficiency. Additionally, it finds its application in digital identity management, secure voting systems, and supply chain tracking. The future holds promise as blockchain continues to disrupt various sectors with its innovative capabilities. While traditional blockchain technology has grappled with scalability issues, limiting its use in high-throughput and low-latency environments, efforts are underway to overcome these limitations. Sharding, a method that involves partitioning the network to reduce duplication of computations, storage, and communication overhead, is a key enabler of horizontal scalability as the network expands. A consensus technique is employed to attach the freshly generated block to the end of the current chain.