Impact of Super Intensive Pond Waste on Plankton Dynamics and Abundance

Super-intensive L. vannamei cultivation produces waste that causes pollution, while simultaneously an appropriate water source, meeting water quality standards, is required for its sustainability. Hence, aquaculture waste poses a significant challenge in minimizing the source of water pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physicochemical and biological properties of the quality of water source, used for the super-intensive L. vannamei farming. The experiment was conducted at 18 points of the water source of super-intensive L. vannamei cultivation. Samples were categorized into three groups: vertical at distances of 0, 100, and 200 meters, while horizontal consisted of 6 points. The study found 21 plankton genera comprising 13 phytoplankton and 8 zooplankton with low diversity (H') and stability. Plankton uniformity (E) below 0.4 ≤ E ≤ 0.6 indicates low uniformity, and no dominant individuals (D) were detected. The temperature, pH, TSS, and BOT correlation showed a moderate relationship. The variables NO3, NO2, PO4, and DO were in the low category, while salinity, NH4, and NH3 showed a very low correlation. In terms of distance, a significant difference (P>0.05) was detected in water quality based on Permen KP. No. 75 of 2016. Thus, the seawater quality standards for super-intensive vannamei shrimp ponds are in appropriate conditions, and the seawater quality in front of the super-intensive pond as a quality standard is suitable for cultivation.