Efektifitas Larutan Kumur Ekstrak Habatussauda (Nigella sativa) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis (In Vitro)

Abstract: Habbatussauda (Nigella sativa) have many benefits, one of which is as medicine. Habbatussauda contains thymohydroquinone, thymquinone, tannin, and α-pinene which function in inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative bacteria as the main cause of gingivitis. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of habbatussauda extract mouthwash in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis in vitro. This was a laboratory and experimental study with a post-test only control group design. Bacterial activity was tested with the disc diffusion method. There were four treatment groups and two control groups. Each treatment group was given mouthwash solution with different concentrations, namely 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%. For positive control, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash was used and for negative control, distilled water mouthwash was used. The results showed that mouthwash made from habbatussauda extract with different concentrations, namely 6%, 9%, 12% and 15%, had effective anti-bacterial power against P. gingivalis. The Anova test obtained a significance value (p) of less than 0.05 (p<0.05), indicating that there was a significant influence between treatment groups on the growth inhibition zone of P. gingivalis. In conclusion, the administration of a mouthwash made from habbatussauda (Nigella sativa) extract had an effect on the growth inhibition zone of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria in vitro, and the highest concentration was 15%. Keywords: antibacterial; habbatussauda; mouthwash; Porphyromonas gingivalis Abstrak: Habbatussada (Nigella sativa) memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya ialah sebagai obat-obatan. Habbatussauda memiliki kandungan thymohydroquinone, thymquinone, tanin, dan α-pinene yang berfungsi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dan negatif. Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan salah satu bakteri Gram negatif penyebab utama gingivitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas larutan kumur ekstrak habbatussauda dalam menghambat pertumbuhan P. gingivalis secara in vitro. Metode penelitian ini ialah eksperimental laboratoris dengan post-test only control group design. Untuk uji aktivitas bakteri digunakan metode difusi cakram. Kelompok uji dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perlakuan dan dua kelompok kontrol. Masing-masing kelompok perlakuan diberi larutan kumur dengan konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 6%, 9%, 12%, dan 15%. Untuk kontrol positif digunakan larutan kumur clorhexidine 0,2% dan kontrol negatif digunakan larutan kumur akuades. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan larutan kumur berbahan ekstrak habbatussauda dengan konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 6%, 9%, 12%, dan 15% mempunyai daya anti bakteri yang efektif terhadap P. gingivalis. Hasil uji ANOVA mendapatkan nilai signifikansi p<0,05 yang menunjukkan perbedaan pengaruh yang bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan terhadap zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pemberian larutan kumur berbahan ekstrak habbatussauda (Nigella sativa) berpengaruh terhadap zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis secara in vitro dengan konsentrasi tertinggi ialah 15%. Kata kunci: antibakteri; habbatussauda; larutan kumur; Porphyromonas gingivalis