DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATED OPENING OF SHELTER DOORS DURING AN ALARM

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the development of an automated system for opening shelter doors during an air raid. The relevance of the study is due to the need to ensure operational access to shelters in conditions of military operations and the increase in threats to the civilian population. The main approaches and existing solutions that are already used to automate the process of opening shelter doors are considered, and their advantages and disadvantages are identified. The aim of the work is to create a reliable, effective and easy-to-use automated device that provides quick opening of doors upon receiving an alarm signal. The study used a set of methods, including technical analysis, circuit and software modeling, experimental testing and system analysis. The developed system is based on a modern ESP32 microcontroller, which provides integration with official sources of monitoring air raid alarms in Ukraine. A solution for backup power supply of the device is proposed, ensuring its stable operation during a power outage. Additional methods of controlling the device via a web interface, RFID reader and telegram bot are implemented. During testing in real-world conditions, the system demonstrated a prompt response of less than 5 seconds to an alarm signal, which significantly increases the safety of citizens. The potential for further improvement of the system was identified, in particular, in the direction of increasing communication stability, introducing additional communication channels, expanding the functionality for using the system for everyday use without responding to alarms, as well as improving technical characteristics. The practical value of the development is confirmed by the successful testing of the system in educational institutions and residential buildings. The experience gained indicates the possibility of scaling the proposed technology to other regions of Ukraine. Further research will be aimed at expanding the functionality and increasing the economic accessibility of the proposed solution. Keywords: automated system, shelter, air alarm, ESP32 microcontroller, public safety, RFID.