Influence of Adiabatic Pressure on Kinetic Alfvén Solitary Waves in Magnetized Plasmas With Mixed Electron Populations

ABSTRACT Kinetic Alfvén solitary waves (KASWs), which propagate in the presence of magnetic field lines, play a significant role in the dynamics of astrophysical plasmas, influencing energy transfer where nonlinear interactions are predominant. The adiabatic pressure, a reflection of the plasma's response to compression expansion, significantly influences the wave dynamics. In this paper, we employ a comprehensive model that includes nonextensive mixed (hot and cold) electrons with dynamical heavy ions, the adiabatic index, and thermal pressure to analyze how these factors modify the properties of heavy ion‐acoustic KASWs (HIAKASWs) in a magnetized plasma system. We derive the Korteweg‐de Vries (K‐DV) and modified Korteweg‐de Vries (MK‐DV) equations using the reductive perturbation approach. Subsequently, we analyze the solutions of these equations to investigate the amplitude and width of HIAKASWs. We examine the influence of different factors (e.g., the heavy ion pressure to the magnetic pressure ratio (), the propagation angle (), plasma particle concentration ratios ( and ), nonextensive parameters (), cold and hot electron temperature ratios (), and the adiabatic pressure) on the dynamics of HIAKASWs within the context of a magnetized complex plasma system. These parameters significantly alter the characteristics of HIAKASWs, and we also found that the presence or absence of adiabatic pressure greatly affects the nonlinear properties of HIAKASWs. This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay of thermal pressure, heavy ion mass, and electron temperature in assessing the behavior of KASWs in magnetized astrophysical environments.