Esophageal Perforation and Pneumothorax Complicating Nasogastric Tube Insertion in an Elderly Female with Senile Dementia and Hiatal Hernia: A Case Report

This case report describes a unique and rare complication of nasogastric tube insertion in an 80-year-old female patient with a history of senile dementia and hiatal hernia. The patient presented to the emergency department with symptoms of fever, dyspnea and vomiting. Upon arrival, the nursing staff performed a nasogastric tube insertion, which inadvertently led to esophageal perforation and subsequent pneumothorax. To manage the pneumothorax and pleural effusion, the nasogastric tube was intentionally left in the pleural cavity as a temporary drain. This case highlights the importance of careful assessment, appropriate technique, and immediate recognition of potential complications during nasogastric tube insertion, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly with pre-existing conditions.