Study of ICU-Acquired Muscle Strength Loss In Patients 2–4 Months Post-discharge

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to assess the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW), specifically muscle strength loss, in patients discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU) at a follow-up period of 2 to 4 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study employed a prospective cohort design, involving critically ill patients who were discharged from the ICU. The assessment of muscle strength was conducted using handheld dynamometry, focusing on key muscle groups to quantify strength deficits. The Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score was utilized for standardized evaluation, enabling a comprehensive analysis of neuromuscular impairment. Data collection included demographic information, clinical history, and specific interventions received during ICU stay. RESULTS: The findings revealed that a significant proportion of patients exhibited persistent muscle weakness at the 2–4 month follow-up. Specifically, approximately 40% of participants demonstrated clinically relevant muscle strength loss, as indicated by MRC scores below the established threshold. Statistical analysis showed a 7.8-fold increased risk of hospital mortality associated with ICUAW (95% CI, 2.4–25.3; P < 0.001). Additionally, weaker handgrip strength was found to be a reliable predictor of adverse outcomes, with an odds ratio of 4.5 for higher mortality rates (95% CI, 1.5–13.6; P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The study underscores the critical prevalence of ICU-acquired muscle strength loss in patients following discharge from the ICU, highlighting the need for targeted rehabilitation strategies during the recovery phase. Persistent weakness not only affects functional recovery but also poses significant risks for long-term morbidity and mortality among ICU survivors. These findings advocate for enhanced monitoring and intervention protocols aimed at mitigating the consequences of ICUAW.