Anti-Interference Performance Analysis and Optimization Strategy of Quantum Key Distribution Protocol in Noisy Environment

Quantum key distribution (QKD) technology, a secure communication method based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, enables secure key sharing between two communication nodes. In theory, the unconditional security of the QKD protocol depends on ideal quantum devices, classical devices, and perfect random number generation. However, there are significant differences between the devices in the actual system and the ideal conditions, and QKD systems are inevitably affected by various noises that seriously affect the anti-interference performance and key generation efficiency of the system. In this article, the authors analyze the anti-interference performance of the QKD protocol in noisy environments and propose a QKD network routing algorithm based on trust relay. This algorithm effectively reduces the bit error rate during network transmission and improves the efficiency of key distribution by optimizing the selection strategy of relay nodes and key forwarding paths.