Toxicological Effects of Smoked Fish Extract on Liver and Kidney Function in Albino Rats

This study evaluated the toxicological impact of smoked fish extract on liver and kidney function in albino rats.Twenty male rats (180-220 g) were randomly divided into four groups: a control and three treatment groups receiving 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight of smoked fish extract intraperitoneally for 28 days.Biochemical analyses revealed dose-dependent increases in liver enzymes-ALT and AST-as well as elevated kidney markers, including urea and creatinine (P < 0.0001).Oxidative stress markers showed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.05).Histopathological examination confirmed progressive hepatic and renal damage, with marked necrosis and inflammation at higher doses.These effects are associated with toxic constituents such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals present in smoked fish.The findings indicate that consumption of smoked fish extract may pose significant risks to liver and kidney health.