Microstructural Attributes for Soft Soils Affected by Salts During Soaking and Seepage

This study investigates the impact of salts on the microstructure of natural soft soil under water soaking and seepage conditions over specific periods, comparing results to the natural soil in dry state. The soil sample was taken from a study area in central Iraq, south of Babylon Governorate. The research utilizes scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze soil structure changes. The findings reveal that soaking has a slow effect on salt dissolution, gradually altering the soil’s chemical composition and reducing its cohesion. In contrast, seepage accelerates salt removal, with dissolution beginning around 7 days and nearing completion by 30 days. Seepage also has a more evident effect on soil cohesion and bearing capacity compared to soaking, suggesting that improved drainage systems are crucial to prevent rapid soil degradation. SEM results further show that soaking weakens soil structure, increases porosity, and causes general degradation. Seepage causes an irregular cohesion and gradual deformation, which significantly affects soil stability under varying loads. This study provides novel insights into the effects of salt dissolution on soil behavior under different conditions, pointing out the need for better soil management in areas with saline soils. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-05-04 Full Text: PDF