The Dynamics of Social Inequality in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Poor Communities in Makassar

This research discusses the dynamics of social inequality in urban areas through a case study of poor communities in Makassar City. Social inequality is a crucial issue that arises along with rapid urbanization and uneven economic growth in everyday life. Although cities like Makassar are experiencing infrastructure development and modernization, this does not always have a positive impact on all levels of society. On the contrary, some groups of people, especially the poor, are increasingly marginalized from the development process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to deeply understand the social, economic and spatial conditions of poor communities in several areas of Makassar city. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and analysis of policy documents related to urban development. The findings show that social inequality in Makassar is not only characterized by income differences across all levels of society, but also by limited access to basic services such as education, health, decent housing, and employment opportunities, especially in the peripheral areas of Makassar city. In addition, the urban planning process, which is less participatory and more oriented towards the economic interests of the elite, has also widened the social gap in people’s lives. This research confirms that social inequality in urban areas is the result of a complex interaction between structural factors, public policies, and the social dynamics of the community. Therefore, a more inclusive development approach, based on social justice, and encouraging the active participation of the poor in the decision-making process is needed. Thus, urban development does not only prioritize economic growth, but also ensures a fair distribution of benefits for all citizens. Therefore, efforts to reduce social inequality in cities require a comprehensive approach, ranging from housing policy reform, improving the quality of public services, to active community involvement in urban planning processes.