Investigating Neonatal Tail Associated With Tethered Cord and Spinal Dysraphism: Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Neonatal tail is a rare, congenital anomaly associated with different conditions, such as tethered cord syndrome (TCS) and spinal dysraphism. Its clinical significance lies in the possibility of neurological deficits and functional impairment. Case Presentation: This study presents a case report of a newborn with a neonatal tail that, upon imaging studies, revealed spinal dysraphism and TCS, and reviews the existing literature to observe what associations, outcomes, and management approaches exist for the affected infants. We conducted a review of the literature describing 10 cases emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary management of affected neonates. The criteria for selection of articles were based on cases that specifically addressed the presentation of neonatal tail during the neonatal period and their diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, along with the outcomes, had already been established. Articles that discussed cases beyond the neonatal period were excluded from the study. Conclusions: This case report and review highlight the critical association between neonatal tail, tethered cord, and spinal dysraphism, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.