Key strategies for climate change mitigation based on construction materials: A proposed framework

Climate change is a major global challenge, and construction is a significant source of carbon emissions, but it also holds potential as a key player in mitigation efforts. While significant improvements have been made in reducing carbon operational emissions through the adoption of energy efficient technologies, there is growing attention on embedded carbon; the emissions associated with the manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal of raw materials. Traditional construction materials, such as cement, steel, and aluminum, are undoubtedly among the largest carbon consumers, yet they remain a fundamental component of conventional construction.This research examines the fundamental role of building materials as a key enabler for climate change mitigation and addresses the urgent need to translate global climate agreements, such as the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, into practical action plans across the various contributing sectors. The research proposes a framework that identifies, classifies, and strategically links material-based mitigation approaches through a multi-level pathway to achieve international climate goals. By presenting this framework, this research aims to contribute to the adoption of more sustainable building practices by policymakers, practitioners, and researchers, thereby enhancing the contribution of building materials to climate change mitigation actions.