Predictive nursing in the prevention of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with severe trauma

This study evaluates the effectiveness of predictive nursing in preventing lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in severe trauma patients compared with conventional care. This retrospective study included severe trauma patients hospitalized between October 2023 and January 2024. Patients were divided into an observation group (51 cases, predictive nursing) and a control group (69 cases, conventional care). Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics. Differences in DVT incidence, hospital stay, hematological indicators, complications, and rehabilitation outcomes were analyzed. DVT incidence was significantly lower in the observation group (8.90%) compared with the control group (26.70%, P < .05), with a relative risk reduction of 67%. Hospital stays were shorter in the observation group (14.2 ± 4.1 vs 16.5 ± 5.2 days, P = .03). Improvements in D-dimer levels, prothrombin time, and international normalized ratio were significant in the observation group (P < .05), indicating lower thrombosis risk. Hematocrit (HCT) and platelet count (PLT) remained stable, showing significant differences compared with the control group (P < .05). Rehabilitation outcomes, including lower limb function and activity capacity, were significantly better in the observation group (P < .05). The control group had 4 cases of pulmonary embolism, while none were observed in the observation group (P = .03). Predictive nursing based on Caprini risk assessment effectively reduces DVT incidence, improves hematological profiles, shortens hospital stays, and enhances recovery in severe trauma patients. This personalized care model shows excellent clinical potential.