A cross-sectional study on vitamin D deficiency and cardiac electrophysiology: Evaluating the frontal QRS-T angle

Vitamin D deficiency is a global health issue, primarily recognized for its role in bone health and calcium absorption. Emerging research has expanded its significance to cardiovascular health. This study aimed to assess the influence of vitamin D deficiency on the frontal QRS-T (f[QRS-T]) angle on electrocardiograms, a potential marker of arrhythmic risk and cardiac mortality, to address a notable gap in the current understanding. In this prospective cross-sectional study, 357 individuals were assessed, with 75 excluded (60 for not meeting criteria, 10 declined, 5 other reasons). A total of 282 participants were grouped by vitamin D levels: vitamin D-deficient (<20 ng/mL, n = 185) and non-deficient (≥20 ng/mL, n = 97). After excluding 7 participants for incomplete tests, data from 275 (deficient: n = 180; non-deficient: n = 95) were analyzed. Electrocardiograms were evaluated by a blinded cardiologist, and data were analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. Our analysis revealed no significant differences in the demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and f(QRS-T) angle between the groups with and without vitamin D deficiency. This study indicated that vitamin D deficiency does not significantly affect the f(QRS-T) angle in our sample, suggesting a limited role of vitamin D status in the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. These findings contribute to the discussion on the role of vitamin D in cardiovascular health and underscore the need for further studies to guide clinical decisions regarding vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular risk management.