Systematics, conservation status, and biogeography of 16 new species of <i>Sinployea</i> (Gastropoda: Charopidae) from New Zealand

Abstract New Zealand land snails in the genus SinployeaSolem, 1983 are revised. There are 17 species, of which 16 are new. The new species are illustrated with line drawings and photographs of the shells and with drawings of the reproductive anatomy. Shell and reproductive anatomical characters of Sinployea, CalymnaHutton, 1883, FlammoconchaDell, 1952, and other charopid species suggest grouping these in subfamily Charopinae tribe Flammulinini Crosse, 1895, rather than in Flammoconchinae Schileyko, 2001. The congruence of the tectonic history of the southwest Pacific with the distributional boundaries of Sinployea and other charopid and punctid species is discussed in detail. Conservation threat rankings are recommended for the New Zealand taxa based on survey and collecting effort, biogeography, and criteria used by the Department of Conservation.