Mapping the discourse of Sustainable Development Goals: a mixed-method bibliometric and thematic exploration

Purpose This study addresses the rapid growth of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-related literature, aiming to analyze key themes and trends and propose an integrative framework for a holistic view of SDG research. Design/methodology/approach Using a systematic literature review, both bibliometric and content analysis were applied. A search strategy identified core works across academic databases, followed by quantitative bibliometric mapping and qualitative thematic analysis. Findings Four themes emerged: SDG operational constraints, sustainable strategies, types of innovation and research gaps. The study shows that mixed-methods yield a comprehensive understanding of SDG discourse, useful for navigating complex, multidisciplinary subjects. Research limitations/implications The study’s database focus may limit its scope. Future research could expand on identified themes to enhance framework precision. Practical implications This framework aids policymakers and practitioners in understanding SDG literature, supporting informed decision-making and innovation in sustainability practices. Social implications The study enhances understanding of SDG strategies, supporting social initiatives aimed at environmental stewardship, social equity and resilience. Originality/value This study introduces a novel mixed-methods approach to reviewing SDG literature, presenting an adaptable framework that guides future SDG studies and highlights mixed methods as particularly effective for this research area.