Contribution of multimodal ultrasound in evaluating the efficacy of lumbricus protein fast dissolving tablets against atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE(−/−) mice

In this study, we confirmed the efficacy of LP-FDT for AS by multimodal ultrasound, along with histopathological and biochemical analyses. At the same time, by adhering to the principles of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement), the study minimized animal use and suffering while maximizing experimental reliability. The findings of this study indicate that LP-FDT, an innovative formulation combining TCM principles with modern pharmaceutical technologies, holds significant promise in the prevention and treatment of AS, providing a new pathway for the integration of traditional and contemporary approaches to cardiovascular health. Further investigation into its molecular mechanisms is warranted.