Combined pathogenic characteristics to analyze susceptibility factors of postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Postoperative infection prevention is crucial for cardiac surgery patients. This study enrolled 579 cardiac surgery patients from November 2021 to July 2022, reporting a 12.3% incidence of postoperative pneumonia. Blood sugar, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, respiratory failure, and complications were linked to respiratory infections. Significant differences in biomarkers, including creatine kinase, urine volume, alanine transaminase (ALT), hemoglobin, and PaO2/FiO2, were observed between pneumonia types. Bacterial pneumonia cases showed positive correlations between ALT, urine volume, and infection, while hemoglobin and PaO2/FiO2 correlated negatively. The most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (11.6%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.9%). Identifying susceptibility factors and pathogenic characteristics can guide effective prevention strategies. Monitoring and oxygen therapy remain essential for reducing postoperative pneumonia risk in cardiac surgery patients.