Research Progress on Host Genetic Susceptibility and Immune Microenvironment Regulation Mechanisms in Chromoblastomycosis

着色芽生菌病(Chromoblastomycosis, CBM)是由暗色真菌引起的慢性皮肤及皮下组织感染性疾病，因其高致残率和显著的疾病负担，被世界卫生组织列为被忽视的热带病之一。近年来，宿主遗传易感性及免疫微环境调控机制的研究逐渐成为CBM防治的重要方向。本文系统总结了CBM中宿主遗传易感性及免疫微环境调控机制的最新研究进展，探讨了当前研究的局限性，并展望了未来的研究方向和挑战。Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi. Due to its high disability rate and significant disease burden, CBM has been listed as one of the neglected tropical diseases by the World Health Organization. In recent years, research on host genetic susceptibility and the regulation of the immune microenvironment has become an important direction for the prevention and treatment of CBM. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on host genetic susceptibility and the regulation of the immune microenvironment in CBM, discusses the limitations of current research, and looks forward to future research directions and challenges.