Research Progress on the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Related Derivative Indices in Cardiovascular Diseases

甘油三酯–葡萄糖指数(Triglyceride-Glucose Index, TyG)作为胰岛素抵抗(IR)的替代标志物，近年来在心血管疾病(CVD)风险评估中的作用日益凸显。本文系统阐述了TyG指数及其衍生指标(如TyG-肥胖联合指数)与心血管疾病发生、发展及预后的关联，探讨其机制、临床应用价值及未来研究方向。通过了解近年研究证据，本文旨在为心血管疾病的早期筛查、风险分层及干预策略提供理论依据。The Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), serving as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance (IR), has increasingly shown its significance in the risk assessment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in recent years. This article systematically elaborates on the associations between the TyG index and its derivative indicators (such as the TyG-obesity combined index) and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. It also explores the underlying mechanisms, clinical application value, and future research directions. By reviewing the research evidence in recent years, this article aims to provide a theoretical basis for early screening, risk stratification, and intervention strategies for cardiovascular diseases.