Surgical Challenges in Managing an Extensive Maxillofacial Ameloblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Objective: This case report aims to highlight the surgical challenges in managing an extensive maxillofacial ameloblastoma, with emphasis on diagnostic complexities and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach. Case: A 24-year-old male presented with a progressively enlarging swelling in the right mandible over a six-month period. Clinical examination, radiological imaging (orthopantomogram and CT scan), and histopathological assessment confirmed the diagnosis of ameloblastoma. A segmental mandibulectomy with clear margins was performed, followed by a referral to the reconstructive surgery team for future mandibular reconstruction. Histopathological analysis revealed islands and cords of odontogenic epithelium, consistent with ameloblastoma. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with no signs of infection or complications. The patient was scheduled for regular follow-up visits to monitor for recurrence. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of careful surgical planning and oncological prioritization in the treatment of extensive ameloblastomas. A tailored strategy that balances complete tumor excision with functional and aesthetic preservation is essential. Long-term follow-up is critical for early detection of recurrence, and successful outcomes depend on effective multidisciplinary collaboration.