Research on the impact of digital transformation on enterprise operation capability—Take Walmart as an example

This paper takes Walmart as an example to explore the impact of digital transformation on enterprise operational capabilities. Through literature review and case analysis, the paper first analyzes the mechanism of digital transformation's impact on enterprise operational capabilities from the perspectives of resource-based theory, transaction cost theory, and value chain theory. Subsequently, the paper examines Walmart's digital transformation practices in detail, analyzing its digital initiatives in supply chain management, e-commerce, customer data mining, payment systems, and logistics distribution. The research results indicate that digital transformation has significantly improved Walmart's asset management capabilities, debt-paying ability, and profitability, enhancing the company's market competitiveness. However, digital transformation also introduces new operational risks, such as system operation risks, data security risks, and personnel quality risks. Finally, the paper proposes relevant policy recommendations, suggesting that enterprises should strengthen risk assessment and management while advancing digital transformation to address the challenges it brings.