IMPROVEMENT OF THE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PAYMENT SYSTEM IN THE TERRITORY OF NATIONAL PARKS

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and develop practical recommendations for improving the payment system for ecosystem services of forest ecosystems in national parks. The study highlights the issues of insufficient funding for conservation measures and the need to apply market-based mechanisms for evaluating ecosystem services. The author’s contribution lies in the systematization of modern approaches to financing ecosystem services, analyzing the effectiveness of existing payment mechanisms, and formulating recommendations for their optimization. The paper examines various funding sources, including state, private, and international ones, as well as prospects for using digital technologies, environmental insurance, and the carbon credit market. The scientific novelty consists in identifying key economic incentives for ecosystem service payments, integrating innovative financial instruments, and developing a comprehensive approach to assessing the economic value of ecosystem benefits. The practical significance of the study results lies in the development of recommendations for implementing an effective payment system that will promote the financial autonomy of national parks, the development of ecotourism, and the stimulation of environmentally responsible resource use. The main conclusions of the article confirm the necessity of improving payment mechanisms for ecosystem services, ensuring sustainable funding for protected areas, and contributing to their effective management. The proposed changes will facilitate not only the preservation of the natural environment but also the creation of economic opportunities for local communities, ensuring a balance between environmental, economic, and social interests. Future research prospects include the development of mathematical models for payment distribution, adaptation of international experience, and integration of digital technologies into the field of environmental finance.