Analysis of Immunotherapy Methods for Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimers disease (AD) belongs to a degenerative disease caused by lesions in the central nervous system, characterized by aging and irreversibility. With the aggravation of the aging process worldwide, the proportion of AD patients has been increasing year by year. Due to its irreversibility and accompanying symptoms such as amnesia, dementia, and personality changes, AD patients greatly affect families and society. AD has become a major challenge for social security and public health systems in various countries. Scientists have been attempting to identify the pathogenesis of AD and develop treatments for over a hundred years. Regrettably, up to now, it is still not possible to fully explain the causes of AD formation through existing hypotheses and propose a radical treatment. Immunotherapy is one of the important targeted treatment methods in recent years, and it has attracted extensive attention due to its significant efficacy in cancer treatment. This research summarizes the progress of immunotherapy for AD treatment, and selects the amyloid protein cascade hypothesis and Tau protein hypothesis, two major and widely recognized explanations, as the main basis for treatment. It elaborates on the active and passive immunotherapies based on these two hypotheses and their progress, hoping to provide reference for subsequent experimental research.