Research Progress on the Therapeutic Effects of Exosomes on Tumors

With the deepening of medical research, many innovative research results have emerged in the field of cancer treatment, providing new possibilities for clinical treatment. Targeted drug delivery systems based on engineered exosomes show significant therapeutic advantages and application prospects because of their unique biological characteristics. In this paper, the biological characteristics of exosomes and their theoretical basis as drug carriers are described in detail. The regulation mechanism of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment was discussed, and the interaction between exosomes and tumor cells and immune cells was analyzed. The representative cases of exosomes in tumor diagnostic marker screening and clinical treatment were reviewed. In addition, the key scientific problems and technical challenges facing the clinical application of engineered exosomes are objectively analyzed, and their future development prospects are forecasted. It is hoped that it can provide more theoretical references for clinical translational research of engineered exosomes and promote the application and development of this technology in the field of tumor precision therapy.