The Effect of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Administration in Ovarian Stimulation Using Antagonist Protocol in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) on E-Cadherin Expression in the Endometrium of Wistar Rats

Background: Infertility affects 8%–12% of couples worldwide, with over 20% of couples of reproductive age in Indonesia experiencing infertility. Reproductive assistance techniques (ART), especially in vitro fertilization (IVF), are commonly used to address this issue, yet implantation success rates remain low. One influencing factor is endometrial receptivity, which is thought to be related to E-cadherin dysfunction. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown potential in improving endometrial receptivity through E-cadherin expression. This study aims to assess the effect of PRP on endometrial receptivity in rats as a model, with the hope of enhancing IVF success in the future. Methods: This study employed an experimental, randomized, post-testonly control group design, utilizing Wistar strain rats. The research was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory, Animal Lab Unit, Udayana University, and the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, spanning from April to May 2024. A total of 40 rats were randomly allocated using simple random sampling and then evenly divided into a PRP group and a control group. Results: In the control group, all E-cadherin expressions were categorized as moderate, whereas in the treatment group, all E-cadherin expressions were categorized as strong and very strong, with Fisher’s exact test yielding χ2 = 36.10 and p < 0.0001. Conclusion: The administration of PRP within the antagonist protocol of In Vitro Fertilization leads to an elevated expression of E-cadherin in the endometrium of Wistar rats when compared to cases without autologous PRP administration.