A Decade of Experience in Diagnostic and Conservative Treatment of Endometrial Malignancy—Oncologic and Obstetrical Outcomes from a Referral Oncofertility Center

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> This study aimed to investigate oncologic and obstetrical outcomes of patients conservatively treated for atypical hyperplasia (AH), endometrial intraepithelial neoplasm (EIN), and early endometrial cancer (EC), as well as factors that influence these outcomes. <b>Methods</b>: This study included 87 women conservatively treated due to AH/EIN and well-differentiated endometrioid EC confined only to the endometrium during past 10 years. Therapy type, course, and duration were registered. The response totherapy after 12 months (remission vs. disease persisting or progressing) was considered as the oncologic outcome. All attempted and achieved pregnancies, along with conception method, gestational week, and delivery type, were recorded. The obstetrical outcomes were classified as adverse (miscarriage) or successful (healthy child). <b>Results</b>: All patients received LNG-IUD along with GnRHa and, if indicated, metformin. Complete remission was achieved in 74.7% of patients. The disease was persisting in 17.2% and progressing in 3.5% of patients, while recurrence was registered in 4.6% of patients. Radical surgery during follow-up was indicated in 15% of patients due to condition deterioration. Pregnancy was attempted by 29.9% of patients, out of which nine succeeded (34.6%). There were two early miscarriages, while the remaining seven pregnancies ended in a term delivery of a healthy child, mostly by planned cesarean section. The only predictor of long-term disease remission was malignancy-free control histological findings. Better therapy response and achieving remission in shorter time were predictors of good obstetrical outcome. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study proved the efficacy and safety of current protocols for AH/EIN/EC conservative treatment and indicated that adequate early (6-month) response totherapy has the most importance for long-term remission and pregnancy achievement.