Incorporating Time and Motion Analysis into Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standard

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in driving economic growth and absorbing labor. MSMEs' contribution to the Indonesian economy includes their ability to absorb 97% of the total workforce available. Tofu is one of Indonesia's micro, small, and medium enterprises. According to previous research results on posture assessment in the filtering workstation, the assessment workstation's working posture received a score of 13, indicating a very high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and necessitating immediate corrective action. This research aims to analyze workers' working times and motions. The research results show that the standard time for workers filtering tofu pulp using a swing is 31.21 minutes, while the standard time for workers filtering tofu pulp using a pressing cloth is 14.4 minutes. Based on the analysis of work motions using the Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards (MODAPTS) approach, 14 motions do not align with the principles of motion economy. We can take several measures to ensure alignment of motions with the principles of motion economy and reduce the risk of MSDs, such as eliminating rotational and walking movements, simplifying movements by relocating work facilities to the left and right of the workers, and designing a filtering machine.