Pharmacogenomics and uncontrolled arterial hypertension

Arterial hypertension is the principal source of chronic noncommunicable pathological disorders. Low adherence, ineffective therapy, and a frequent lack of distinct clinical signs are linked to the excessive occurrence of uncontrolled and undiagnosed clinical cases. Resistant hypertension (RH) is a condition where blood pressure remains elevated and uncontrolled, despite the use of three or more antihypertensive medications, including a diuretic, at optimal doses. Thus, it is essential to develop individualized treatment plans, considering patients’ overall health, medication tolerability, and drug-related potential side effects. In order to improve control of blood pressure in RH, personalized treatment may be a unique strategy, where the pharmacogenomics approach would be of immense importance. Heritability is thought to be responsible for significant percentage of the variation in blood pressure across individuals, where inter-individual genetic variability could notably contribute to the limited effectiveness of some treatments, as well. Accordingly, comprehensive therapies would be the best option for treating hypertension and RH since it is evident that the condition is not monogenetic regulated. Given the previous facts, this paper tends to provide basic information on the current knowledge in pharmacogenomics research related to new therapeutic possibilities for uncontrolled hypertension.