Laboratory biomarkers — predictors of the prognosis of ischemic stroke outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background. Ischemic stroke (IS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) is characterized by a more severe course and worse functional outcomes compared to individuals without diabetes, which increases the number of patients disabled by the end of hospitalization. Predicting the outcome of stroke upon admission to hospital can help optimize treatment, diagnostic and rehabilitation measures and improve the quality of treatment. The use of laboratory biomarkers (LBM) in predicting the outcome of IS is a promising area of modern medicine. Objective. To create a prognostic model for the outcome of non-lacunar ischemic stroke (NlIS) in patients with DM 2 based on the LBM study. Design and methods. We studied the serum concentrations of 78 LBM in 55 patients with DM 2 admitted to the hospital due to the development of NlI S. Machine learning (ML) was used to search for a relationship between LBM levels at the time of patient admission to hospital and outcomes of the acute period of stroke. Results. We established the threshold concentrations of interleukin (IL)-13 (3,605 pg/mL), IL-6 (1,47 pg/mL), apolipoprotein CII (1516000000,0 ng/mL), soluble IL-4 receptor (581,912 pg/mL) and syndecan 4 (26,785 ng/mL) that determine the functional outcome of IS, as well as the threshold values of the alpha subunit of the soluble IL-2 receptor (480,802 pg/mL), IL-21 (1,024 pg/mL), protein 15 containing a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain (3076,733 ng/mL), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (16,300,003 pg/mL) that determine the neurological outcome of IS in patients with DM 2. Models for predicting the functional and neurological outcome of IS in patients with DM 2 are proposed. Conclusion. LBM research can be a useful auxiliary tool for predicting the outcomes of NlIS in patients with DM 2, which provides opportunities for implementing a personalized approach to the management of these patients and improving the quality of their treatment.