Identification of the dynamic stability of truck cranes

Truck crane is a type of lifting and transporting machine, one of the important means of mechanizing production processes in all sectors of the national economy. Consequently, ensuring stability is a critical safety consideration during their operation. Dynamic loads, including the movement and load of the crane, are the main factors affecting the ability to maintain stability. In this regard, the dynamic nature of truck crane operations requires a detailed analysis of the reactions of outriggers to the truck crane. Crane supporting reaction is a function of the lifting configuration, crane geometry, and the crane component’s weight. The equations are used to study equilibrium and dynamic solutions and their stability. The authors studied the limit cycles arising in the reaction and determined their stability. The complexity of design solutions causes a number of problems that occur during crane operation. These problems are primarily connected with the need to ensure safety and with adequate precision of load movements. The article examines the dynamic stability of a crane model based on its actual operation. When analyzing the stability of the crane, particularly in relation to overturning, it is essential to develop and process the model. While deformations of the boom in the horizontal plane can be neglected, the influence of the chassis’ deformability on the dynamic behavior of the boom is also insignificant. The results are presented as frequency curves, reflecting geometric changes within the system. Solving differential equations has identified the dynamic stability regions of the system. Еhe maximum amplitude of oscillation under initial conditions without damping reached 5.0 mm at a frequency of ω = 5 s⁻¹ and a damping coefficient β = 1.5 kN/m. With adjusted damping and frequency parameters (β = 1.5 kN/m, ω = 2 s⁻¹), the amplitude was reduced to 1.0 mm, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed damping strategy. The analysis in this paper provides valuable guidance for assessing the practical overturning stability of truck cranes and emphasizes the need for controlling load oscillations, contributing to improved safety of construction and personnel in charge