Physical significance of different classes of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime

In this research, Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime is classified completely according to Noether symmetries. Different classes are discussed for flat, open and closed universes. According to this classification, we have various forms of cosmic scale factor [Formula: see text]. Different sets of Noether symmetries are reported for different classes of Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. We obtained different classes of the said spacetime along with their Noether symmetries and the corresponding conservation laws. The main objective of this research is to find all possible forms of the scale factor [Formula: see text] and discuss their physical significance.

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Publication Details

Journal
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Published
2025-05-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219887825502366
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Physical significance of different classes of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime

Farhad Ali, Muhammad Furqan
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
article

Physical significance of different classes of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime

Farhad Ali, Muhammad Furqan
article en

Abstract

In this research, Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime is classified completely according to Noether symmetries. Different classes are discussed for flat, open and closed universes. According to this classification, we have various forms of cosmic scale factor [Formula: see text]. Different sets of Noether symmetries are reported for different classes of Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. We obtained different classes of the said spacetime along with their Noether symmetries and the corresponding conservation laws. The main objective of this research is to find all possible forms of the scale factor [Formula: see text] and discuss their physical significance.

International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Kohat University of Science and Technology (PK)
Openalex Percentile: Top 92%
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
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Physical significance of different classes of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime — Farhad Ali, Muhammad Furqan · International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS