The Occurrence of Titanium Carbide in Ti-Alloyed Gray Iron

This study investigates the formation and distribution of titanium carbide (TiC) in gray iron with varying titanium (Ti). Gray cast iron samples were produced with Ti levels ranging from 0.033 to 0.349 wt% using a 100-kg induction furnace. The microstructures of the samples were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), showing that TiC particles are the predominant TCCs in this study. It was found that TiC particles were dispersed around graphite and matrix structures. The number of TiC increased with Ti. The Gibbs free energy calculations supported the formation of TiC both in molten and solid states.