A single-stage high frequency 40 K pulse tube cryocooler

Abstract To develop a long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detector, a 40 K pulse tube cryocooler is needed to provide reliable and low-noise cooling power. Traditionally, it is generally believed that to improve efficiency, a 40 K pulse tube cryocooler needs to operate at around 40 Hz. However, low frequency cryocoolers are heavier and are not preferred for use on satellites. In this paper, a lightweight pulse tube cryocooler working at 76 Hz is designed. The inertance tubes, along with the reservoir, serve as the only phase-shifter to guarantee the stability. Currently, the cryocooler has a cooling capacity of 9 W at 40 K while operating at 500 W of electrical power, and it weighs only 7.8 kg. The efficiency relative to the Carnot efficiency was approximately 11.1%. The performance characteristics of the designed cryocooler are presented in detail.