Experimental Study of High-efficiency Single-stage 30 K Coaxial Pulse Tube Cryocooler

Abstract The operating temperature of 30 K is crucial for long-wave infrared and very long-wave infrared detectors. To achieve cooling at 30 K, a two-stage pulse tube cryocooler (PTC) has been employed in most previous studies. However, these systems are complex in structure. Single-stage 30 K high-efEiciency PTC developments present signiEicant challenges but are essential for 30 K long-wave infrared detectors. We designed a single-stage coaxial PTC with a double inlet oriEice and conducted extensive optimization experiments on this cryocooler. With 200 W input power and a hot end temperature of 285 K, the PTC achieved a cooling capacity of 1.6 W/30 K, corresponding to a relative Carnot efEiciency of 6.8%.