Systemic-intersubjective model for optimizing the socio-psychological adaptation of Ukrainians to forced migration

The article examines the application of a systemic intersubjective approach to achieve an optimal level of socio-psychological adaptation among Ukrainians who have been forced to migrate due to the war. A model for optimizing socio-psychological adaptation is presented, which consists of four main components: the development of subjectivity, the capacity for intersubjective interaction, the formation of an optimal level of psychological resourcefulness and resilience, and the improvement of problem-solving strategies. It has been established that subjectivity is manifested through an active, conscious, reflective, responsible, and creative attitude toward life – qualities deemed essential for the socio-psychological adaptation of Ukrainians, especially in situations of forced migration. The development of subjectivity is shown to occur through the enhancement of its key substantive components; that is, through the cultivation of awareness, self-responsibility, and a focus on self-development and self-realization. Furthermore, the study determines that fostering subjectivity also enhances another crucial personal ability – the capacity for intersubjective interaction. This ability is expressed through equitable communication, including with representatives of other cultures and communities, as well as through the capability to influence them effectively. It is substantiated that the development of the capacity to make effective decisions and to implement successful strategies for overcoming life’s challenges occurs through the systematic and active adoption of a subjective stance during decision-making and the formulation of behavioral strategies. In this process, psychological resourcefulness and resilience enable individuals to mobilize internal resources for effective problem resolution and personal growth, as well as to exert a transformative influence on their environment. Thus, the proposed model is well-founded and has been validated in practical applications. The results of its implementation, as presented in the article, may serve as a basis for the development of programs aimed at the socio-psychological adaptation of various categories of forced migrants. The model not only has a solid theoretical foundation but has also proven its effectiveness in practical tasks, with the findings potentially informing the design of socio-psychological support programs for different groups of forced migrants.