Maximum Likelihood-Based Angle Estimation for Movable Antenna Systems

Movable antenna (MA) is a new hardware capable of adjusting the position of an antenna to improve the communication performance. Precise estimation of angle in a MA system is important for its successful performance in data transmission. In this paper, maximum likelihood (ML)-based angle estimation technique for MA system is presented. Specifically, the likelihood function is formulated and angles that maximize the function is extracted. Numerical results demonstrate the proper estimation of angles.