The Role of Non-Invasive Neural Devices in Modern Neurorehabilitation and Mental Health Treatment

Modern neurorehabilitation and mental health treatment have received transformative tools through non-invasive neural devices that offer effective and patient-friendly alternatives to traditional interventions. Technologies in this regard include transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, EEG-based neurofeedback, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy, where advances in neuroscience and bioengineering are utilised in modulating brain activity without risks associated with surgical procedures. Their applications in neurorehabilitation range from post-stroke motor recovery to cognitive rehabilitation and treatment of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Focusing on personalised medicine, machine learning, and big data could be used in non-invasive neural devices to fine-tune outcomes tailored to an individual's needs. These are seminal challenges, such as accessibility, variability in patient responses, and regulatory hurdles, in the face of these devices offering much promise regarding enhancing the quality of life and improving cognitive functions, besides providing sustainable, long-term mental health. This paper underlines their potential and discusses future directions in integration.