A Quad Port Wearable Antenna for WBAN and 5G Communications

A compact <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{2}\times \mathbf{2}$</tex> Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wearable antenna system for use in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band (2.4-2.5 GHz), IOT(Internet of Things), and satellite communications(4.3GHz) is designed, and its performance is evaluated in this work. Modern wireless communication systems that demand high data rates, enhanced link dependability, and effective spectrum use can be supported by the suggested MIMO antenna. Four closely spaced antenna elements are incorporated into the design, ensuring the suitability of the antenna for embedded and portable wireless devices. To improve port isolation and reduce mutual coupling Defective ground structure (DGS) is employed. The antenna's radiation efficiency is over 85%, its <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{S}_{\mathbf{11}} &lt; -\mathbf{10}\ \mathbf{dB}$</tex>, and its mutual coupling is < −15 dB. Furthermore, exceptional diversity performance is indicated by the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) being kept below 0.01. The radiator's ability to provide stable operation, high diversity gain, and outstanding polarization purity in the ISM band is confirmed by simulation results. This four-port MIMO antenna is a potential option for use in IoT devices, WLAN, and other ISM band technologies.