A Gender Lens on Labor Market Exposure to AI

The rise of AI may profoundly impact labor markets, as AI tools could perform numerous cognitive tasks traditionally in the human domain. This paper examines the gendered effects of AI adoption across six economies of varying income levels. In most countries, a higher share of women than men work in AI-exposed occupations, making them more likely to benefit from the technology but also more vulnerable to disruptions. Within jobs facing higher risk of substitution, women at the bottom of the wage distribution make more frequent transitions to inactivity, suggesting that AI could pose a particular threat to low-earning females.