Electronic waste recycling intention, behavior and environmental benefits: Evidence from Middle East

Significant quantities of electronic waste (e-waste) generated each year have become a global problem, and individuals, organizations, and governments wrestle to find ways of dealing with e-waste. The frequent introduction of new models of electronic gadgets in the market has resulted in a disproportionately large accumulation of obsolete products, escalating the problem of managing e-waste and calling for effective disposal and recycling methods. This study aims to investigate the antecedents to the e-waste recycling intention (EWRI) of individuals. Integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and behavioral reasoning theory (BRT), study developed a conceptual model and tested in the context of a Middle Eastern country, Bahrain. Data was collected from 603 households and analyzed. Hierarchical regression, and PROCESS macros were used to test the hypothesized relationships. The results indicate: (i) attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, habits, and convenience are positively allied with EWRI, which, in turn, leads to e-waste recycling behavior (EWRB); (ii) EWRB is a precursor to environmental benefits of recycling, and (iii) environmental concern (first moderator) and environmental awareness (second moderator) strengthens the relationship between EWRI and behavior. The findings contribute to the advancement of the theory of sustainability and provide recommendations for administrators and policymakers regarding e-waste recycling. • Rapid tech upgrades lead to high e-waste, requiring efficient recycling systems. • E-waste recycling behavior is driven by attitude, norms, control, habits, and convenience. • Environmental concern and awareness strengthen e-waste recycling intentions. • Future research should explore personality factors and cross-country recycling behaviors