GREEN CHEMISTRY STRATEGIES FOR NANOPARTICLE SYNTHESIS TROUGH PLANT EXTRACTS

The development of environmentally sustainable and cost-effective methods for nanoparticle synthesis has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study explores a green chemistry approach to the synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. Unlike conventional chemical and physical synthesis methods, which often involve toxic reagents and high energy consumption, the use of plant-derived biomolecules offers a benign and eco-friendly alternative. In this work, aqueous extracts from [insert plant species] were employed to synthesize metal nanoparticles such as silver (AgNPs) and zinc oxide (ZnO NPs). The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm their morphology, crystallinity, and functional groups. The results demonstrate that the bioactive compounds present in the plant extract, such as phenolics and flavonoids, play a critical role in nanoparticle formation and stabilization. Furthermore, the synthesized nanoparticles exhibited promising antibacterial and antioxidant activities, highlighting their potential for applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. This study underscores the feasibility and advantages of adopting green chemistry principles in nanomaterial research, paving the way for sustainable and scalable nanoparticle production.